Final answer:
Excessive use of nitrogen- and phosphorus-enhanced fertilizers can have both positive and negative impacts on the environment, including increased plant growth and damage to drinking water. The correct option is a) True
Step-by-step explanation:
The statement is true. Excessive use of nitrogen- and phosphorus-enhanced fertilizers can have both negative and positive impacts on the environment. While these fertilizers can promote increased plant growth, they can also lead to water pollution and damage to drinking water sources.
Excess nitrogen from fertilizer can cause cultural eutrophication, leading to the rapid growth of algae in water bodies. This can result in the formation of harmful algal blooms, which can clog fish gills, block sunlight, and deplete oxygen in the water, causing hypoxia and creating dead zones. Additionally, phosphorus from fertilizers can contribute to nutrient pollution and the overgrowth of algae in rivers and lakes, leading to eutrophication and a negative impact on aquatic organisms.
In conclusion, the use of nitrogen- and phosphorus-enhanced fertilizers can have both positive (increased plant growth) and negative (water pollution and damage to drinking water) impacts. The correct option is a) True