Final answer:
Malcolm X believed in the ability of African-Americans to live separately from whites in society, rejecting integration and assimilation. He advocated for the self-determination and independence of African Americans, laying the foundation for the Black Power movement.
Step-by-step explanation:
Malcolm X believed in equality for African-Americans as well as the ability to live separately from whites in society. He rejected the mainstream civil rights movement's integration and assimilation approach and instead advocated for the separation of African Americans from white Americans. He sought to raise the self-esteem of Black people and laid the foundation for the Black Power movement, which aimed for self-determination and independence for African Americans.