Final answer:
The volume of ethanol present in 50.0 mL of a 10.2% (v/v) aqueous solution is calculated using the percent-by-volume formula, which yields 5.10 mL.
Step-by-step explanation:
The question is asking to calculate the volume of ethanol present in a certain volume of an aqueous solution. To find the volume of ethanol in a 10.2% (v/v) aqueous solution when the total volume of the solution is 50.0 mL, we apply the percent-by-volume formula:
% v/v = (volume of solute/volume of solution) × 100%
To solve for the volume of the solute (ethanol), we rearrange the formula:
Volume of ethanol = (% v/v / 100%) × volume of solution
Volume of ethanol = (10.2% / 100%) × 50.0 mL
Volume of ethanol = 0.102 × 50.0 mL
Volume of ethanol = 5.10 mL