Final answer:
Artificial selection, or selective breeding, is the term for the process in which humans choose parents with desirable traits to produce offspring possessing those desired traits. This process can be used to improve productivity, disease resistance, and shelf life.
Step-by-step explanation:
Artificial selection, also known as selective breeding, is the term for the process in which humans choose parents with desirable traits to produce offspring possessing those desired traits. In artificial selection, humans actively modify plants and animals by selectively breeding individuals with traits deemed desirable. This process can be used to increase the size and productivity of plants and animals for food production, make them more resistant to diseases, or increase their shelf lives.