Final answer:
The temperature on Mars varies significantly throughout the day due to factors such as the thin atmosphere and longer day. Near the martian equator, temperatures can range from -135 °C at night to 30 °C during the day. This is much different from Earth's temperature variations.
Step-by-step explanation:
On Mars, the temperature varies significantly throughout the day due to several factors. One major factor is the thin atmosphere of Mars, which cannot retain heat as effectively as Earth's atmosphere. This causes temperatures to drop rapidly during the night and rise during the day. Additionally, Mars has a longer day than Earth, lasting 24 hours and 40 minutes, which allows for more time for temperature fluctuations.
For example, near the martian equator, temperatures can vary from an average of -135 °C at night to an average of 30 °C during the day. This wide difference in temperature compared to Earth is mainly due to Mars' distinct atmospheric conditions.