Final answer:
Copper's high thermal and electrical conductivity is due to its high number of free electrons which enable efficient energy transfer. Its closely packed positive nuclei also help in heat conduction, making it ideal for electrical applications and cookware.
Step-by-step explanation:
Copper exhibits the highest thermal and electrical conductivity mainly due to C) Copper has a high number of free electrons. These free electrons facilitate the transfer of energy within the metal, allowing it to conduct heat and electricity more efficiently than many other materials. Options A, B, and D, such as a low melting point, high density, and high specific heat capacity, are not the primary reasons for copper's excellent conductive properties.
Good conductors of electricity, such as copper, allow electrons to move freely through the metal. This is also the reason they conduct heat well. The ability of the positive metal nuclei, closely packed together, to easily transfer heat contributes to this process. Moreover, cooking utensils, known for needing good heat conduction, are typically made from these materials. Due to its flexibility, ductility, and conductive properties, copper is widely utilized in electrical applications, from simple electric wires to complex electronic devices.