Final answer:
Reruns of network shows bought by individual stations to broadcast are called off-network syndications. A local station that carries national network programming is known as an affiliate. The emergence of cable, satellite, and on-demand services has transformed the distribution and consumption of television content.
Step-by-step explanation:
Reruns of network shows that are bought by individual stations to broadcast are known as off-network syndications. After their original run on network television, these programs are sold to local stations, cable networks, or other broadcasters, allowing them to be aired outside of their original network. A well-known example of this would be the reruns of classic TV shows such as 'Friends' or 'Seinfeld' airing in syndication on various networks and local stations across the country.
A local station that broadcasts national network programming is referred to as an affiliate. These affiliates often carry the majority of the national network's schedule, especially for primetime shows, sports events, and news programs. The relationship between the national networks and their local affiliates is essential for the distribution of nationally produced content to local audiences. Affiliates have the responsibility to air certain network content at designated times, though they may preempt regularly scheduled programming for breaking local news or emergencies.
With the advent of cable and satellite television, there have been significant shifts in how television content is distributed and consumed. Cable and satellite providers have made it possible to receive content without relying on over-the-air broadcast signals, and on-demand services allow viewers to watch programs without being tethered to a broadcast schedule. The technology and globalization of television have greatly expanded the reach and accessibility of content for viewers around the globe.