Final answer:
Homologous genes are derived from a single ancestral gene and are found on homologous chromosomes, which can undergo recombination to increase genetic diversity.
Step-by-step explanation:
The correct answer to this question is that homologous genes are d) derived from a single ancestral gene. Homologous genes may not have identical DNA sequences, as each copy of the homologous pair originates from a different parent. While they possess the same genes in the same order, the alleles on homologous chromosome pairs may differ. This variation in gene sequences, such as those that code for blood type A, B, and O, contributes to the diversity of traits within a species. A key feature of homologous chromosomes is their ability to undergo recombination during meiosis, which results in an exchange of genetic material and further increases genetic diversity.