Final answer:
During exercise, the body diverts blood flow away from the viscera and skin leading to increased blood flow to the skeletal muscles and coronary arteries. Selective vasodilation and vasoconstriction ensure blood is distributed to meet the increased metabolic demands.
Step-by-step explanation:
The diversion of blood flow from the viscera and skin during dynamic exercise causes an increase in blood flow to skeletal muscle and coronary arteries. This process involves selective vasodilation where blood vessels in targeted areas like the skeletal muscles and heart dilate to allow greater blood flow. During vigorous physical activity, the skeletal muscles contract, facilitating the skeletal muscle pump effect which enhances venous return to the heart and contributes to the maintenance of blood pressure.
Simultaneously, there is vasoconstriction in other areas such as vessels leading to the kidneys and the digestive and reproductive organs, which directs blood flow predominantly towards the muscles in action. However, it's important to note that the blood vessels supplying the brain do not vary significantly because they lack receptors responsive to such regulatory stimuli. After exercise, when the body returns to a state of rest, blood distribution and cardiac output normalize.