Final answer:
Rhode Island was the colony founded on the principle that government should not be involved in religion, established by Roger Williams for religious diversity and tolerance.
Step-by-step explanation:
The colony founded due to the leader's belief that government should not be involved in religion was Rhode Island. Rhode Island was founded by Roger Williams, who established it for the primary purpose of allowing religious diversity and tolerance. This contrasted with colonies such as Massachusetts, which was founded by Puritans seeking to reform the Church of England rather than separate from it.
Other colonies had distinct religious foundations as well. For example, the Quakers, another dissenting religious group from England, colonized Pennsylvania; whereas, Maryland was settled by Catholics. Each of these colonies had different degrees of religious freedom and state involvement in religious affairs.