Final answer:
The relationship between the initial number of tourists and the increase at a rate of 4% per year is represented by the exponential growth function t = 48 × (1.04)^y.
Step-by-step explanation:
The mathematical model that represents the relationship between the initial number of tourists and the increase in tourists visiting a remote village at a rate of 4% per year is an exponential growth function.
The formula to calculate the number of tourists after a certain number of years, y, is t = 48 × (1.04)^y, where t represents the total number of tourists after y years and 48 is the initial number of tourists ten years ago.