Final answer:
The human nuclear genome, beyond coding for 30,000 genes, largely consists of noncoding DNA elements such as repetitive DNA, intron DNA, pseudogenes, and satellite DNA, all of which play crucial roles in genome regulation and stability.
Step-by-step explanation:
The remaining nuclear genome consists primarily of noncoding DNA, which does not encode proteins. This includes various forms of DNA such as repetitive DNA, intron DNA, pseudogenes, and satellite DNA. All these elements contribute to the complex structure and regulation of the genome, with functions ranging from gene regulation and expression to maintenance of chromosome structure and genome stability.
While only a small percentage of the human genome consists of protein-coding genes, the vast majority is made up of noncoding DNA. This noncoding DNA is often found in intergenic regions and has numerous roles within the cell, including contributing to transcription regulation or serving as a recognition site for proteins. The importance of these noncoding sequences is underscored by the fact that they account for about 98% of the human genome; previously considered