Final answer:
A longer-than-normal amino acid repeat can disrupt the normal structure and function of a protein.
Step-by-step explanation:
A longer-than-normal amino acid repeat can affect the molecular process of becoming functional by altering the structure and function of the protein. The unique sequence of amino acids in a protein determines its structure and function. A change in the gene sequence may lead to a different amino acid being added to the polypeptide chain, causing a change in protein structure and function.
For example, in sickle cell anemia, a single amino acid substitution in the hemoglobin protein leads to the formation of long fibers and distorted red blood cells. This structural change affects the protein's ability to transport oxygen, leading to health complications.
In summary, a longer-than-normal amino acid repeat can disrupt the normal structure and function of a protein, potentially impacting its ability to perform its biological role.