Final answer:
According to McClelland's acquired needs theory, the need for power is the desire to control, influence, or be responsible for other people.
Step-by-step explanation:
McClelland's Acquired Needs Theory posits that individuals develop specific needs over their life experiences, and these needs become strong motivators for their behavior. One of the key needs identified by this theory is the need for power, corresponding to option (a) in the given context. The need for power reflects an individual's desire to control, influence, or take responsibility for others, making a significant impact on their environment.
Individuals driven by the need for power seek opportunities to lead, guide, and have authority over others. This need manifests in various aspects of life, including personal relationships and broader social contexts such as organizational and governance settings. In personal relationships, individuals with a high need for power may take charge, make decisions, and influence others to align with their preferences.
In organizational contexts, individuals with a strong need for power often aspire to leadership roles. They are motivated by the desire to control resources, make impactful decisions, and shape the direction of the organization. Such individuals may thrive in positions where they can exercise authority and influence over others.
In governance or societal leadership, the need for power can drive individuals to seek political roles or positions of influence. The satisfaction of this need comes from making a difference on a larger scale and having control over societal structures.
Overall, McClelland's Acquired Needs Theory highlights how the need for power, among other needs, can be a potent force shaping behavior and career choices. Understanding and recognizing these needs can be valuable in personal and professional development, helping individuals align their motivations with their chosen paths.