Final answer:
Job discrimination occurs when a person is denied employment for reasons not related to their job qualifications, such as race or gender. This violates numerous laws, and in the U.S., it is overseen by the EEOC.
Step-by-step explanation:
When someone is denied a job or job assignment for non-job relevant reasons, this is known as job discrimination. This can involve hiring disparities based on race, ethnicity, gender, or disability status, and it is a practice that is both unethical and illegal in many jurisdictions, including the United States. For example, hiring decisions should not be informed by an applicant's group membership (like race or gender) unless it directly affects job performance. Laws exist to combat such discrimination, and in the U.S., the Equal Employment Opportunity Commission (EEOC) administers federal anti-discrimination laws.