Final answer:
Shadow organizations are made up of unofficial and informal relationships within an organization. They influence the organization despite not being formally recognized.
Step-by-step explanation:
The connections made up of relationships between organizational members that are unofficial and not specified by the formal structure are known as shadow organizations. Within these, employees develop informal networks that can have a significant influence on the organization, despite not being formally recognized in organizational charts or hierarchies. In recent times, there has been a shift away from strict hierarchical structures to more flat organizational structures and teamwork, with a greater emphasis on collegial relationships across different levels of the organization.
Shadow organizations are made up of relationships between organizational members that are unofficial and not specified by the formal structure. These relationships often occur informally, outside of the official hierarchy, and can play a significant role in how work gets done within an organization.