Final answer:
Graves' disease is a hyperthyroid condition caused by the overproduction of thyroid hormones, leading to symptoms such as heat intolerance, rapid heartbeat, weight loss, goiter, and bulging eyes.
Step-by-step explanation:
Graves' disease is an example of a condition caused by too many hormones, specifically the overproduction of thyroid hormones. This autoimmune disorder leads to the excessive secretion of thyroid hormones due to the abnormal antibodies that stimulate the thyroid gland.
This stimulation supersedes the body's usual feedback mechanisms that control hormone levels. As a result, Graves' disease often presents with symptoms such as heat intolerance, a rapid and irregular heartbeat, weight loss, goiter, and exophthalmia, also known as Graves ophthalmopathy.
The correct answer to the question is A. too many hormones. This overactivity of the thyroid gland in Graves' disease is a form of hyperthyroidism, which stands in contrast to conditions like hypothyroidism, adrenal insufficiency, and unrelated conditions such as gastrointestinal bleeding or damage to the medulla oblongata.