Final answer:
Construction projects are different from manufacturing projects because they begin with a specific client's needs, have a spread-out payment structure, and do not typically employ mass production processes.Therefore, the answer to the student's question is D) All of the above.
Step-by-step explanation:
Construction projects are different from manufacturing projects for several reasons. Option A states that manufactured products are often designed and produced without a specific purchaser in mind, whereas construction projects commence with a client needing a facility. This aligns with engineering principles where a client's requirements are pivotal in the construction industry. Option B points out the payment structure differences; manufacturing products are usually paid for in full upon purchase, whereas construction project payments are distributed across the design and construction phases. Option C highlights that mass production is common in manufacturing but is not typical in the construction industry, as construction is often a bespoke process tailored to specific client needs.