Final answer:
The early Indo-Aryans predominantly measured their wealth in cattle, which held both economic and spiritual significance in their society.
Step-by-step explanation:
The early Indo-Aryans measured their wealth primarily in cattle, which were a central part of their pastoralist lifestyle. The Vedas, ancient texts associated with the Indo-Aryans, suggest that cattle breeding remained significant even as they gradually adopted farming practices. The cow was considered a sacred animal during this time. The significance of animals in their culture extended beyond merely economic measures to spiritual and ritual aspects. However, it's important to note that while cattle were the primary measure, other forms of wealth and trade existed, including horses and other activity suggested by historical records such as the exchange of luxury items and the use of chariots for war.