Final answer:
The conclusion that follows in a single step is F.
Step-by-step explanation:
The conclusion that follows in a single step is option A. F (1, 3, MP).
To arrive at this conclusion, we can use the following steps:
- Using Modus Ponens (MP), we can infer (∼B ⊃ F) from R ⊃ (∼B ⊃ F) and R. So, we have (∼B ⊃ F) as the first intermediate conclusion.
- Using Modus Ponens (MP) again, we can infer F from (∼B ⊃ F) and ∼B. So, F is the final conclusion.