Final answer:
Wallis described religions that believe in the world as fundamentally evil, with philosophical concepts like the 'Best of All Possible Worlds' and 'transworld depravity' explaining this view of evil as part of a divine plan or necessary for soul development.
Step-by-step explanation:
Roy Wallis described religions that see the world as irredeemably evil as having a strong belief in the inherent nature of evil within the human condition. These faiths often grapple with the problem of evil in the context of an omnipotent and benevolent deity.
Major philosophical and theological explanations, such as the Best of All Possible Worlds by Leibniz and the notion of transworld depravity, propose that evil is a necessary part of a world with moral good, and that it is within these struggles and the presence of evil that human souls are developed or become closer to the divine.
For instance, in Leibniz's view, what humans perceive as evil is merely part of a divine plan, painting a broader picture that we, with our limited human perspective, fail to see in its entirety. Furthermore, theologians like St. Augustine and Irenaeus have provided perspectives that frame evil as a result of human free will or a process of soul-making, adding layers to the discourse on the existence and origin of evil in the world in relation to a supreme being.