Final answer:
The second stanza under "crucifixion" about Mary, the mother of Jesus, likely signifies her profound sorrow during the Crucifixion, reflected in artistic Lamentation scenes. The experience of Akhmatova, marked by personal grief for her imprisoned son and Käthe Kollwitz's sculpture influenced by her son's death, mirror the universal theme of maternal grief depicted in these scenes.
Step-by-step explanation:
The second stanza under "crucifixion" referring to the mother of Jesus likely evokes the intense sorrow and suffering she experienced as she witnessed the death of her son. This emotional turmoil is depicted in scenes known as Lamentation or Threnos, where Mary and other followers mourn over Christ's dead body. Such artistic representations emphasize human emotion, inviting viewers to emotionally engage with the scene.
Similar to Mary's anguish, the Russian poet Anna Akhmatova's experience reflects her own personal grief, particularly during the Stalinist purges, when her son was imprisoned. Akhmatova's poetry often deals with the themes of suffering and the loss of loved ones, paralleling the sorrow of Mary.
Additionally, the grief depicted in the lamentation scenes can be compared to the sorrow expressed by German artist Käthe Kollwitz. After the death of her son, Kollwitz created a sculpture, Mother with Her Dead Son, which reflects her pain and loss, echoing the emotional intensity found in Mary's experience at the crucifixion. This comparison highlights how the universal theme of maternal grief during the loss of a child has been expressed through various forms of art and literature throughout history.