Final answer:
Natural Law theory posits that morals are based on rational understanding of natural laws, independent of religious belief. The statement claiming morality applies only to believers in God is incorrect as per Natural Law theory. Philosophical debates and societal influences complicate the understanding and application of these natural moral principles. The correct option is B.
Step-by-step explanation:
The claim about Natural Law theory which is not true is: Morality in Natural Law theory is applicable only to those who believe in God and who accepted the Eternal Law. This statement is incorrect because Natural Law theory asserts that moral principles are knowable through human reason, regardless of divine belief.
While the theistic interpretation of Natural Law does incorporate God as the creator of nature and its laws, the underlying principles of morality can be understood and upheld independently of religious belief.
Natural Law holds that certain moral truths are universal and can be discovered through rational inquiry and observation of the natural world.
Thus, when discussing the issues surrounding Natural Law, it is clear that one problem is the interpretation of what constitutes human nature and whether it always aligns with morality. Philosophical disagreements arise about our inherent traits and whether all natural human behaviors can be considered morally right.
Furthermore, the influence of the environment and societal factors on human behavior challenges the notion that there is a fixed, universally applicable moral order based on human nature alone.
According to Natural Law theorists such as Aquinas, all man-made laws must reflect the principles of natural law to be just and authoritative. These theories suggest that an action is morally correct if it supports natural law and morally wrong if it contradicts it. The correct option is B.