Final answer:
An internal locus of control generally leads to positive outcomes and proactive behavior, but it can also cause self-blame and stress. Conversely, an external locus of control can alleviate stress but may also foster a lack of initiative and feelings of helplessness.
Step-by-step explanation:
An internal locus of control is typically linked to positive outcomes such as higher academic achievement, greater career success, and enhanced independence. People with a strong internal locus believe they have the power to affect their own lives.
They attribute their successes and failures to their own actions and are proactive in pursuing their goals. Furthermore, individuals with internal locus of control tend to be healthier, cope better with challenges, and experience less depression.
However, an internal locus of control is not without its disadvantages. It can lead to self-blame and increased stress when individuals believe they are responsible for negative outcomes beyond their control. On the other hand, those with an external locus of control may attribute their experiences to factors outside of their control, such as luck or the actions of others.
This can sometimes relieve personal pressure and responsibility for negative outcomes, although it can also lead to a lack of initiative and feelings of helplessness when faced with challenges.
High self-efficacy empowers individuals to embrace challenges and recover from setbacks. Those with low self-efficacy might avoid challenges, dwell on negative outcomes, and lose confidence quickly. Perceptions of control can significantly impact stress levels, health, and overall happiness.
However, excessive focus on control can also lead to stress when individuals face circumstances outside of their influence. Learning to develop realistic and healthy attributions can foster resilience and reduce vulnerability to depression.