Final answer:
Classical conditioning is a type of learning where a neutral stimulus becomes associated with a response after being paired with another stimulus. During the acquisition period, the neutral stimulus starts to elicit a conditioned response.
Step-by-step explanation:
The type of learning in which a neutral stimulus comes to elicit a response after being repeatedly paired with another stimulus is known as classical conditioning.
This process involves the association of a neutral stimulus with an unconditioned stimulus during the acquisition period, where the neutral stimulus begins to elicit what is known as a conditioned response. An example of this can be seen when lightning predicts thunder; the sight of lightning can make someone jump due to the anticipation of the sound, even before the sound occurs. This type of associative learning is distinguished from operant conditioning, where an organism learns to associate a behavior with its consequence, such as rewarding a dolphin with a fish for performing a trick after hearing a whistle.