Final answer:
The Schwann cell is responsible for producing myelin in the Peripheral Nervous System (PNS), different from the oligodendrocyte which myelinates axons in the Central Nervous System (CNS).
Step-by-step explanation:
The type of cell that produces myelin in the Peripheral Nervous System is the Schwann cell. Schwann cells are a type of glial cell, and their primary function is to insulate axons by forming the myelin sheath, which enhances the speed of electrical impulses along the nerve fibers. Unlike Schwann cells, oligodendrocytes are responsible for myelinating axons in the Central Nervous System (CNS).
In the PNS, each Schwann cell wraps around a single segment of an axon to provide insulation with myelin. This differs from oligodendrocytes which can extend their processes to multiple axons, thus myelinating several segments.