Final answer:
A free body diagram is a tool used to analyze the forces acting on an object. The types of forces are normal force, weight, applied force, friction, and air resistance.
Step-by-step explanation:
A free body diagram is a tool used to analyze the forces acting on an object. It represents the object as a single point and shows only the external forces acting on the object. These forces are represented by vectors or arrows.
The types of forces mentioned in the question are:
Normal Force: The force exerted by a surface to support the weight of an object. It acts perpendicular to the surface.
Weight (or Fg): The force of gravity on an object. It always pulls the object towards the center of the Earth.
Applied Force: A force that is applied to the object by some external source.
Friction: A force that opposes the direction of motion between two surfaces in contact.
Air Resistance: A force that opposes the motion of an object through the air.