Final answer:
The holder of a life estate is called a life tenant. They enjoy the use of the property for their lifetime, after which it passes to the remainderman. The terms encumbrance and successor do not specifically apply to life estates.
Step-by-step explanation:
The holder of a life estate is called B. a life tenant. A life tenant is a person who has the right to use and enjoy the property during their lifetime, but they do not own the property outright. Upon the death of the life tenant, the property typically passes to a remainderman, also known as the person with a remainder interest, which is a future interest in the property. The term encumbrance refers to a claim or liability attached to the property, such as a mortgage or easement. A successor, on the other hand, is a broad term that refers to a person who follows another in a specific role or position, which is not specific enough in the context of life estates.