Final answer:
The difference between problem-solving and decision-making is defined by statement c, where decision-making is a goal-directed effort, and problem-solving focuses on addressing an immediate issue. Both processes require critical thinking and are valued skills for analyzing complex situations and making informed choices.
Step-by-step explanation:
The statement that best defines the difference between problem-solving and decision-making is: c. Decision-making is a goal-directed effort; problem-solving is focused on solving an immediate problem. While both problem-solving and decision-making involve critical thinking, they are distinct processes. Problem-solving generally requires a systematic approach to identify the cause of a problem and to develop a strategy to fix it. It often involves analytical skills and may lead to the understanding that a decision needs to be made. On the other hand, decision-making is the act of choosing between different solutions or options and typically happens after the problem-solving process has identified possible solutions to the issue at hand.
Engaging in critical thinking is fundamental in both problem-solving and decision-making and is a skill highly valued by employers for its power to analyze complex situations, solve problems, and make informed decisions. Critical thinking involves not just understanding an issue but synthesizing relevant information, perspectives, data, and arguments to come to a reasoned conclusion.