Final answer:
An impairment loss decreases total assets and total stockholders' equity, reflecting a write-down of an asset's value on the balance sheet.
This correct answer is d)
Step-by-step explanation:
The effect of an impairment loss on the accounting equation is that it decreases total assets and subsequently decreases total stockholders' equity.
An impairment loss reflects a reduction in the recoverable value of an asset to below its carrying amount, which leads to a write-down of the asset's balance on the balance sheet.
The related credit entry to record the impairment decreases equity, specifically impacting retained earnings.
This correct answer is d)