Final answer:
The nurse manager's statement refers to an element of the communication process, particularly a receiver who incorrectly decodes the message, highlighting a common breakdown in communication within a healthcare setting.
Step-by-step explanation:
The nurse manager's upset remark, “You did not understand what I said,” refers to an issue with the communication process, specifically to an element represented by c. A receiver who decodes the message. In the given scenario, the staff nurse is considered the receiver who is responsible for interpreting or decoding the message sent by the nurse manager.
In the broader context of communication, factors such as cultural differences and socio-economic barriers can further complicate the process of decoding messages. Educating healthcare professionals to be aware of these potential barriers is essential in promoting effective communication and reducing instances of miscommunication.