Final answer:
Insulin is an endocrine drug that regulates blood glucose levels by responding to a humoral stimulus. It is used therapeutically in people with diabetes to replace or supplement inadequate insulin production. Insulin works by binding to receptors on target cells and activating enzymes to control second messenger molecules.
Step-by-step explanation:
Insulin is an example of an endocrine drug. Insulin is a hormone produced by the pancreas and plays a crucial role in regulating blood glucose levels. When blood glucose levels rise, insulin is released in response to this humoral stimulus. The hormone then facilitates the uptake of glucose by cells, thereby lowering the blood sugar level.
For people with Type 1 diabetes, like the hypothetical student Laura mentioned in the reference information, their bodies are unable to produce insulin, which means they cannot properly respond to increases in blood glucose levels. The type of stimulus they are unable to respond to is a humoral stimulus. Insulin as a drug is used to replace or supplement the insulin that is not adequately produced in individuals with diabetes.
Insulin, as an endocrine hormone, is made up of amino acids and functions by binding to receptors on the surface of target cells. This process does not involve the nervous system; instead, it activates enzymes that control second messenger molecules impacting the cells' functions.