Final answer:
An example of moral reasoning is the consideration of how one's actions affect trust in relationships, leading to the decision to avoid harmful behavior. Moral reasoning is guided by one's conscience, ethical deliberation, and societal norms.
Step-by-step explanation:
An example of moral reasoning is when you consider the consequences of your actions on your relationships and decide not to do something that might harm those connections. Among the provided choices, the one that exemplifies this idea is: "It is wrong for me to look through my friend's phone because my friend may find out and no longer trust me, which will negatively affect our relationship." This reasoning indicates an understanding that actions have implications for our social interactions and the trust inherent in those relations.
Moral reasoning often involves reflecting on the potential outcomes of our actions, as individual's inner sense of right and wrong, also known as conscience, guides our ethical decisions. Philosophers like Immanuel Kant have emphasized that morality should be rooted in reason and the idea that certain actions, such as lying or stealing, cannot be universally accepted because they would undermine the basis of civilized society.