Final answer:
MRI is the imaging specialty that does not use ionizing radiation, unlike X-rays, CT scans, and PET scans which all do. MRI utilizes a strong magnetic field and radio waves to produce detailed images of the internal structures of the body.
Step-by-step explanation:
The imaging specialty that does not use any form of ionizing radiation or radioactive materials is MRI (Magnetic Resonance Imaging). In contrast to MRI, the other options such as X-rays, CT scans, and PET scans all involve the use of ionizing radiation. MRI uses a strong magnetic field and radio waves to generate images of the structures inside the body. The function of magnets in an MRI is to align the hydrogen protons in the body, which are then exposed to radio waves, causing them to emit signals that are detected and used to create detailed images.