Final answer:
An x-ray beam can interact with materials through transmission, absorption, and diffraction, but not typically through reflection, especially during X-ray diffraction experiments.
Step-by-step explanation:
The x-ray beam can undergo various interactions when it strikes a material, such as a crystalline solid. The possible paths for an x-ray beam include transmission, where the x-ray passes through the material; absorption, where the x-ray is taken up by the material; and diffraction, where the x-ray scatters in various directions and can interfere constructively or destructively. However, reflection is not typically considered a primary interaction for x-rays in the context of their paths through a crystal, especially as described in scenarios such as X-ray diffraction experiments used to determine the structure of crystalline materials. Instead, reflection is more associated with visible light or other types of electromagnetic radiation.