Question

Suppose that gamma is an array of 50 components of type int and j is an int variable. Which of the following for loops sets the index of gamma out of bounds?

a. for (j=0; j<= 50; j++)
cout << gamma[j] << " ";

b. for (j=0; j< 50; j++)
cout << gamma[j] << " ";

c. for (j=0; j<= 48; j++)
cout << gamma[j] << " ";

d. for (j=0; j<= 49; j++)
cout << gamma[j] << " ";

Answer 1

Option (a) sets the index of the array 'gamma' out of bounds because it tries to access an element at index 50, which does not exist in an array of 50 elements where the index range is 0 to 49.

Step-by-step explanation:

In the context of programming and arrays, the for loop that sets the index of the array gamma out of bounds is:

a. for (j=0; j<= 50; j++) cout << gamma[j] << " ";

Arrays in most programming languages are zero-indexed, meaning that the first element is at index 0. For an array of size 50, the valid indices are 0 through 49. In option (a), the loop continues while j is less than or equal to 50, thereby attempting to access gamma[50], which is out of bounds. This will cause an error because gamma only has indices ranging from 0 to 49.

Options (b), (c), and (d) all correctly loop through the array without exceeding its bounds.