Final answer:
The recurrence of a single element in a work of art is referred to as a pattern, which involves the repetition of shapes, colors, or lines to unify and harmonize the composition.
Step-by-step explanation:
The recurrence of a single element in a work of art is called pattern. Patterns involve the predictable repetition of specific elements such as shapes, colors, or lines within a piece of art. They are used by artists to bring unity and coherence to their work. For instance, in a mosaic, patterns might be formed by arranging tiles in a repeated fashion to create a harmonious design. Similarly, a painting might have a background pattern that enhances the overall composition and directs the viewer's attention in a certain way.
Patterns are not just a form of decoration; they serve a functional purpose in art by guiding the viewer's eye and can make complex compositions more understandable. Documentary and commercial photographers also use patterns to convey a message or to lead the viewers towards a certain interpretation. Patterns are found in all forms of art, and the recognition of these can provide additional meaning to the viewer.