Final answer:
Increased risk of cretinism is not linked to maternal obesity; rather, maternal obesity is associated with a higher risk of neurodevelopmental disorders, higher rates of congenital anomalies, and potentially a lower risk of preterm birth.
Step-by-step explanation:
The outcome for offspring that has NOT been linked to maternal obesity is increased risk of cretinism. Cretinism is a condition primarily caused by a severe deficit of thyroid hormones in newborns, which is not typically associated with maternal obesity. maternal obesity has been linked to several adverse outcomes for offspring, including a higher risk of neurodevelopmental disorders, higher rates of congenital anomalies, and possibly a lower risk of preterm birth. However, it has not been directly linked to cretinism in scientific literature. Indeed, research suggests that a range of other factors, such as environmental etiologies and genetic factors, are largely responsible for congenital anomalies; with only a portion attributed to maternal conditions like obesity.