Final answer:
The correct answer is A) IP address, which is a unique identifier for computers on the Internet, different from a MAC address, URL, or domain name.
Step-by-step explanation:
The unique four-part number assigned to a computer for identification purposes on the Internet is an IP address. An IP (Internet Protocol) address is akin to a digital home address for your computer, allowing it to send and receive information on the network.
It's important to differentiate between an IP address and a MAC address, which is unique to the network interface card inside devices, and used for local network identification. While a URL (Uniform Resource Locator) is used to locate resources on the internet and a domain name is part of a URL, neither serves the purpose of identifying individual computers on the internet.
Therefore, the correct answer is A) IP address.