Final answer:
Polyphony is the predominant type of instrumental music organization in sub-Saharan Africa, characterized by multiple independent melody lines that include complex polyrhythms and syncopations.
Step-by-step explanation:
The predominant type of instrumental music organization found in sub-Saharan Africa is D) Polyphony. This style of music encompasses the use of multiple independent melody lines played simultaneously, which is a hallmark of African traditional music. The polyphonic texture of African music often includes complex polyrhythms and syncopations that are a staple in various dance styles and performances. These elements showcase the skill required to perform contrasting rhythms at the same time, be it by individuals or between groups. Polyphonic music has influenced various other musical genres, reinforcing its significance in the musical traditions of sub-Saharan Africa.