Final answer:
The assertion about Beethoven's ninth symphony demonstrates subjectivity, as it is based on personal opinion. Naturalism is the artistic style that includes impersonal depictions of characters with no control over their behavior.
Step-by-step explanation:
Asserting that 'Beethoven's ninth symphony was the pinnacle of European art music performance in 1824' is an example of subjectivity. Such a statement is based on personal feelings, tastes, or opinions, rather than external facts or universal consensus. While Beethoven's Ninth Symphony is widely recognized as a monumental work in the history of Western music, claiming it as the absolute pinnacle of art music is subjective, as different individuals or cultures may hold varying opinions on what constitutes the height of musical achievement.
As for the artistic style that features impersonal depictions of characters compelled to behave in ways over which they have no control, the correct answer is d. naturalism. Naturalism in art and literature sought to depict the deterministic aspects of human existence, with characters often shown as being influenced by their environment or heredity in a way that is beyond their control.