Final answer:
Kwashiorkor is the type of protein-energy malnutrition caused by a low-protein diet, characterized by swollen abdomen and other symptoms, commonly affecting children in developing countries.
Step-by-step explanation:
The type of protein-energy malnutrition prompted by a low-protein diet and dysfunctional GI flora is called kwashiorkor. This condition is characterized by a swollen abdomen and may occur even when energy intake is adequate, but protein consumption is insufficient. Kwashiorkor is a serious form of malnutrition common in developing countries, primarily affecting children who lack the necessary amino acids for growth and cell division due to not consuming enough protein. Symptoms include fatigue, refusal to eat, skin problems, weak muscles, and cognitive impairments due to improper brain development. In severe cases, patients may exhibit edema of the ankles, feet, and abdomen.