Question

Write a short note on single processor and multiprocessor systems

Answer 1

Single processor systems utilize one CPU for all tasks, as exemplified by the early Pentium chips. Multiprocessor systems have multiple CPUs that work in parallel, improving performance for complex tasks. The evolution from single to multiprocessor systems has significantly advanced computing capabilities.

Step-by-step explanation:

Single processor systems are computing systems that have only one processor (CPU), which performs all the computational tasks. These systems were the standard architecture for computers until the development of multiprocessor systems. A key example of a single processor system is exemplified by the Pentium chip, which, as taken from a 6-inch wafer, is capable of executing more than 100 million instructions per second. This technology paved the way for personal computing, which was significantly advanced by companies such as Apple and IBM, both of which introduced revolutionary products like the Apple II and the IBM PC, respectively.

Multiprocessor systems, on the other hand, incorporate two or more processors that work in parallel, allowing them to perform more complex tasks and handle more processes simultaneously. This kind of system is especially useful in environments where a vast amount of data needs to be processed quickly or where multiple tasks are performed at the same time.

The evolution from single to multiprocessor systems represents a significant advancement in computing technology. It has facilitated the development of powerful servers, high-end workstations, and supercomputers that are capable of managing and performing vast amounts of operations, which single processor systems would not be able to handle effectively.

Answer 2

Single processor systems have one CPU performing tasks, exemplified by the Pentium chip's ability to execute over 100 million instructions per second. Multiprocessor systems have multiple CPUs, allowing for concurrent task processing and improved performance, which is crucial for business and government applications.

Step-by-step explanation:

Single processor and multiprocessor systems are two categories of computer architectures based on the number of central processing units they possess. A single processor system, often referred to as a uniprocessor system, has one central processing unit (CPU) that performs various tasks. For example, each Pentium chip can execute more than 100 million instructions per second, which means it can perform a vast amount of work on its own.

On the other hand, a multiprocessor system contains more than one CPU, enabling it to handle multiple processes simultaneously. This setup greatly enhances performance and is especially useful in environments where concurrent processing of multiple tasks is critical. Early computers like the PDP-12 minicomputer were considerably less powerful than today's microprocessor-based systems such as the Apple II, which was instrumental in widening the computer market to a broader audience. The introduction of multiprocessor systems further expanded the capabilities of computers in various sectors, such as business and government.