Final answer:
The sympathetic preganglionic fiber that does not target a ganglion is the one that innervates the adrenal gland. The fibers secrete neurotransmitters into the bloodstream rather than terminating in a ganglion, and this function is mediated by chromaffin cells in the adrenal medulla.
Step-by-step explanation:
The target of a sympathetic preganglionic fiber that is not a ganglion is the adrenal gland (option C). Sympathetic preganglionic fibers typically terminate in a ganglion; however, in the case of the adrenal medulla, which is located inside the adrenal gland, the axons do not end in a ganglion but rather secrete their neurotransmitters directly into the bloodstream. The cells in the adrenal medulla contacted by these fibers are known as chromaffin cells, which act similarly to a sympathetic ganglion by releasing signaling molecules into the bloodstream. Therefore, among the options provided, intermural ganglion, collateral ganglion, and chain ganglion are all targets of sympathetic preganglionic fibers, but the adrenal gland is not technically a ganglion target.