Question

In which of the following situations is pressure-controlled ventilation sometimes used?

I. when a precise PaCO2 has to be maintained (some closed-head injuries)
II. when more even distribution of ventilation is required
III. when ventilating patients with severe, refractory hypoxemia
IV. when tidal volume in unstable due to leaks
a.I and II
b.III and IV
c.I, II, and III
d.I, III, and IV

Answer 1

Pressure-controlled ventilation is sometimes used in situations where a precise PaCO2 has to be maintained, a more even distribution of ventilation is required, ventilating patients with severe, refractory hypoxemia, and when the tidal volume is unstable due to leaks.

Step-by-step explanation:

In situations where pressure-controlled ventilation is used, it is sometimes used when a precise PaCO2 has to be maintained, as in closed-head injuries, and when ventilating patients with severe, refractory hypoxemia. It is also used when the tidal volume is unstable due to leaks. Therefore, the correct answer would be option d. which includes all the given situations: I, II, III, and IV.