Final answer:
The correct term for a group with a variety of backgrounds, experiences, and talents is 'diversity'. This term contrasts with 'homogeneity', which describes a similar group in many aspects. The 'salad bowl' metaphor represents pluralism in a diverse society.
Step-by-step explanation:
The term that describes a great variety of people with varying backgrounds, experiences, opinions, religions, ages, talents, and abilities is known as diversity. This concept is often compared to homogeneity, which refers to a group that is similar in many aspects. The “salad bowl” metaphor reflects the idea of pluralism, where different groups or individuals maintain their unique cultural identities while coexisting within a larger society.
Furthermore, diversity is not just limited to human societies. In nature, we can observe an incredible diversity in habitats, sizes, shapes, colors, and behaviors amongst various species. However, social tendencies like homophily can limit our exposure to diversity by creating homogeneous groups, subsequently restricting us from experiencing different viewpoints.