Final answer:
The principle of uniformitarianism proposes that Earth's surface was shaped by slow-moving geological processes. It was proposed by Charles Lyell, a Scottish geologist known as the father of modern geology.
Step-by-step explanation:
The principle of uniformitarianism is the concept that Earth's surface was shaped in the past by slow-moving geological processes that are still operating today. It suggests that the same natural laws and processes that operate in our present-day scientific observations have always operated in the universe in the past and apply everywhere in the universe.
The principle of uniformitarianism was proposed by Charles Lyell, a Scottish geologist known as the father of modern geology. He argued that contemporary geological processes, such as wind and rain, produced the current geological landscape and that Earth must be much older than previously suspected.