Question

A 13 yr long international effort with three principal goals

(1) to determine the sequence of the three billion DNA subunits
(2) to identify all human genes, and
(3) to enable genes to be used in further biological study

Answer 1

The Human Genome Project (HGP) was a 13-year international endeavor that commenced in 1990, aimed at sequencing the entire human DNA and identifying all human genes. It was completed in 2003 and provides a foundation for ongoing genomic research, including disease risk assessment and personalized medicine.

Step-by-step explanation:

The Human Genome Project (HGP)

The international scientific research project known as the Human Genome Project was a groundbreaking 13-year initiative that started in 1990. It aimed to achieve three principal goals:

1. Determine the sequence of the three billion DNA subunits.
2. Identify all the human genes within this sequence.
3. Enable these genes to be used in further biological study, contributing to our understanding of human health and disease.

Thanks to the efforts of the HGP, researchers now have access to a comprehensive map of the human genome, including the sequence of all 3 billion base pairs of human DNA. This includes more than 20,000 human genes and their locations on chromosomes. The HGP was not only a technical achievement but also a foundation for ongoing research in genomics. The analysis of the human genome continues, offering insights into disease risk and the development of personalized medical treatments.