Final answer:
a. Molarity = 3.54 M, b. Mass Percentage = 34.68%, c. Mole Fraction = 0.0602, d. Molality = 3.54 m, e. Mole Percentage = 6.00%
Step-by-step explanation:
a. To calculate the molarity of a solution, we need to determine the number of moles of solute present and divide it by the volume of the solution in liters. In this case, the sulfuric acid solution contains 346.8 g H₂SO₄ per liter. The molar mass of H₂SO₄ is 98.12 g/mol. So, we can calculate the molarity as follows:
Molarity = (346.8 g / 98.12 g/mol) / 1 L = 3.54 M
b. The mass percentage of a solute in a solution is calculated by dividing the mass of the solute by the mass of the solution and multiplying by 100. In this case, the mass of H₂SO₄ is 346.8 g and the mass of the solution is 1000 g. So, we can calculate the mass percentage as follows:
Mass Percentage = (346.8 g / 1000 g) * 100% = 34.68%
c. The mole fraction of a component in a solution is calculated by dividing the number of moles of that component by the total number of moles of all components. In this case, the number of moles of H₂SO₄ is 346.8 g / 98.12 g/mol = 3.54 mol, and the number of moles of water is 1000 g / 18.02 g/mol = 55.48 mol. So, we can calculate the mole fraction as follows:
Mole Fraction = 3.54 mol / (3.54 mol + 55.48 mol) = 0.0602
d. The molality of a solution is calculated by dividing the number of moles of solute by the mass of the solvent in kilograms. In this case, the number of moles of H₂SO₄ is 3.54 mol and the mass of water is 1000 g / 1000 = 1 kg. So, we can calculate the molality as follows:
Molality = 3.54 mol / 1 kg = 3.54 m
e. The mole percentage of a component in a solution is calculated by dividing the number of moles of that component by the total number of moles of all components and multiplying by 100. In this case, the number of moles of H₂SO₄ is 3.54 mol and the total number of moles is 3.54 mol + 55.48 mol = 59.02 mol. So, we can calculate the mole percentage as follows:
Mole Percentage = (3.54 mol / 59.02 mol) * 100% = 6.00%