Question

Why is water liquid at room temperature while other molecules of similar molecular masses and compositions are gaseous?

a) Water molecules have a higher molecular mass than similar compounds.

b) Water molecules form stronger hydrogen bonds compared to similar compounds.

c) Water molecules have a lower molecular mass than similar compounds.

d) Water molecules undergo unique chemical reactions at room temperature.

Answer 1

Water is liquid at room temperature because its molecules form strong hydrogen bonds, which lead to higher boiling and melting points compared to similar-sized molecules.

Step-by-step explanation:

The reason water is liquid at room temperature while other molecules with similar molecular masses and compositions are gaseous is because water molecules form stronger hydrogen bonds compared to similar compounds. The unique properties of water arise from its ability to make hydrogen bonds. These hydrogen bonds are particularly strong due to the bent shape of the water molecule and the presence of two hydrogen atoms per molecule, allowing it to form hydrogen bonds with several other molecules. This leads to a higher boiling point and melting point for water compared to other similar-sized molecules like methane and ammonia.